An
experimental Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding the Management
of Diabetes Mellitus
among G.N.M. Students
in selected Nursing
School at Sikar,
Rajasthan
Pushpendra Kumar1, Titi Xavier Mangalathil2, Vikas
Choudhary3
1Assistant Professor, Arawali College of
Nursing, Sikar
2Associate Professor, Rajasthan College of Nursing, Sikar
3Lecturer, M.M College of Nursing, Mullana
*Corresponding Author Email: vikasss.1988@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
Objectives:
1. To assess the pretest knowledge
regarding the management of diabetes mellitus among G.N.M. students of control
and experimental group.
2. To assess the post-test knowledge
regarding the management of diabetes mellitus among G.N.M. students of control
and experimental group.
3. To compare the pretest and posttest
knowledge regarding the management of diabetes mellitus among G.N.M. students of
control and experimental group.
4. To ascertain the relationship of
structured teaching on knowledge regarding the management of diabetes mellitus
among G.N.M. students with selected personal variables.
Material and Method: Experimental approach,
true experimental design was used and the study conducted in Rajasthan
institute of nursing and Shri Kalyanarogayasadan,
Sikar (Rajasthan). 60students of G.N.M were chosen by
Non proportionate stratified random sampling. The data collected through
self-structured questionnaire. The data was analyzed by descriptive statistics
(mean, median and mode) and inferential statistics (Chi square, F test,
Correlation of coefficient and t test).
Results:
The pretest mean knowledge
score of experimental group was 19.70 and in post-test 32.62 after carrying out
the structured teaching programme. On other side
control group mean knowledge score of pretest was 19.78 and in post-test 21.38.
Horizontal ‘t’ test findings between pre-test and
post-test of experimental group was 19.061 is highly significant at the level
of P<0.001 and vertical ’t’ test value between post-tests of control and
experimental group was 198.538 also highly significant at the level of
P<0.001. It has shown that structured teaching brought valuable change in the
knowledge of school children regarding traffic safety.
Recommendations: The findings of the study shown that there
is need to carry out the interventions to increase the knowledge of G.N.M
students regarding management of diabetes mellitus which further will help to increase the
diabetes patient care.
Keywords: Experimental Study, Structured Teaching Programme,
Diabetes Mellitus, G.N.M students.
INTRODUCTION:
“Life is
not over because you have diabetes. Make the most of what you have, be
grateful’’
Diabetes mellitus
is a multisystem disease related to abnormal insulin production, impaired
insulin utilization, or both Diabetes mellitus is a serious health problem
throughout the world. Around 150 Million peoples suffered from diabetes in the
World, out of that above 35 million are Indians, the highest in the world, so
it is called Diabetic capital of world.1 Every fifth person who
suffer from diabetes in the world today is an Indian.2 By 2030
Indian will have 79.4 Million diabetic projects of WHO (World Health
Organization) that’s more than twice the current number over 35 million cases.
No wonder India is the “Diabetic Capital of the World”.3
The International
Diabetes Federation (IDF) estimates the total number of people in India with
diabetes to be around 50.8 million in 2010, rising to 87.0 million by 2030.
Although, the prevalence of diabetes in India is likely to continue to be among
top three countries (China, India and USA) that are estimated to have the
highest number of people with diabetes by the year 2030.4,5
The economic cost of diabetes continue to increase because of increasing
health care cost and an aging population.
Half of all people who have diabetes and are older than 65 years of age
are hospitalized each year and severe and life threatening complications often
contribute to the increased rate of hospitalization.6
METHODS AND MATERIAL:
Objectives
1. To assess the pretest knowledge
regarding the management of diabetes mellitus among G.N.M. students of control
and experimental group.
2. To assess the post-test knowledge
regarding the management of diabetes mellitus among G.N.M. students of control
and experimental group.
3. To compare the pretest and posttest
knowledge regarding the management of diabetes mellitus among G.N.M. students
of control and experimental group.
4. To ascertain the relationship of structured
teaching on knowledge regarding the management of diabetes mellitus among
G.N.M. students with selected personal variables.
Hypothesis
• H1 The posttest mean knowledge score
regarding the management of diabetes mellitus among G.N.M students in the
experimental group will be significantly higher than those of the control group
G.N.MM students of the control group as measured by structured questionnaire at
0.05 levels.
H0 There will not be statistically
significant difference in posttest mean knowledge score regarding the
management of diabetes mellitus among G.N.M students in the in control and
experimental group as measured by structured questionnaire.
Research
Approach
An experimental research approach was
adopted to accomplish the objective of the study to assess the effectiveness of
structured teaching programme regarding the
management of diabetes mellitus among G.N.M students in Rajasthan institute of
nursing and Shri Kalyanarogayasadan,
Sikar (Rajasthan)
Research
Design
An experimental design was prepared to
develop a plan of strategy that would guide the collection and analysis of
data.
Experimental group: 01- X- 02,
Control group 01- 02
·
O1
–Pretest
·
X –
Manipulation
·
O2 –
Posttest
Sample
and Sampling Technique
Two nursing
schools were confirmed to conduct study. These schools were divided into
control and experimental group with help of lottery method. The total 60G.N.M
students were selected from both groups by using stratified random sampling
technique.
Description
of tool
The tool consisted
of two parts
Part1:
Sample characteristics
This part
consisted of 5 items for obtaining personal information:
Part2:
Questionnaire
This part
consists of multiple choice questions on all aspects of G.N.M students
regarding management of diabetes mellitus. This questionnaire consisted of 40
multiple choice items, each item consist of one correct answer among the four
choices and each correct answer carry one mark.
Plan of
Analysis
Analysis
and interpretation of data was done by using descriptive and inferential
statistics such as Percentage, Mean, Mean Percentage, Standard Deviation, and
Coefficient of Correlation, Chi Square Test, T Test and ANOVA.
RESULTS:
The data presented in table 1shows computed
paired 't' test
values between the pre-test and post-test is higher than the table value (t=1.66,p<0.05). The data is
statistically significant in all the areas. Hence it is inferred that the STP
was effective in increasing the knowledge of subjects regarding management of
diabetes mellitus.
Table No. 1 Comparison for effectiveness of
teaching by calculating Pretest and Posttest mean, SD, horizontal and vertical
t test of Knowledge Scores among G.N.M Students Regarding management of
diabetes. N=60
|
Group |
Knowledge Score |
|
|||||
|
|
Pre-test |
Post-test |
|||||
|
N |
MEAN |
SD |
MEAN |
SD |
DF |
T |
|
|
Control group |
30 |
19.78 |
3.612 |
21.38 |
4.013 |
29 |
2.463NS |
|
Experimental group |
30 |
19.70 |
3.564 |
32.62 |
3.328 |
29 |
19.061** |
|
|
Df |
T |
|
Df |
t |
|
|
|
|
58 |
2.324NS |
58 |
198.538** |
|
||
Maximum Score=60, **= significant at
P<0.001, Minimum Score=0, NS= Non Significant
Table
No. 2 Association between selected variables and pre-test knowledge score among
G.N.M students regarding management of diabetes mellitus N=60
|
Characteristics
|
Control
group (N=30) |
Experimental
group(N=30) |
|
|
||
|
|
F |
% |
F |
% |
df |
X2 |
|
Age
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
·
18-21 |
23 |
76 |
24 |
80 |
1 |
0.172* |
|
·
More
than 21 |
7 |
23 |
6 |
20 |
|
|
|
Gender
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
·
Male |
6 |
20 |
7 |
23 |
1 |
0.163* |
|
·
Female |
24 |
80 |
23 |
76 |
|
|
|
Residence
of students |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
·
Rural |
18 |
60 |
19 |
63 |
1 |
0.186* |
|
·
Urban
|
12 |
40 |
11 |
37 |
|
|
|
Religion
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
·
Hindu |
28 |
94 |
26 |
87 |
1 |
0.179* |
|
·
Muslim
|
01 |
03 |
03 |
10 |
|
|
|
·
Others
|
01 |
03 |
01 |
03 |
|
|
|
Past
experience of giving care |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
·
Care
given one time |
11 |
37 |
12 |
40 |
2 |
1.321* |
|
·
Care
given 2-5 times |
10 |
33 |
09 |
30 |
|
|
|
·
Care
given more than 5 times |
03 |
10 |
04 |
13 |
|
|
|
·
Not
given |
06 |
20 |
05 |
17 |
|
|
*= Not significant
The above table shows that Chi-square test
value computed between pre-test knowledge score and demographic variables was
not significant at 0.05 levels. Therefore there is no association between
knowledge score of subjects and above listed selected demographic variables.
Hence null hypothesis is accepted and research hypothesis is rejected. Thus it
is inferred that gain in knowledge score was due to the administration of STP.
DISCUSSION:
Findings shows that structured teaching programme had excellent level of improvement in
experimental group of G.N.M students as in control group it was average or
below average. There is no relation between structured teaching programme and personal variables.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:
First and foremost I praise and thank to
Almighty for his abundant grace, which enabled meto
complete this research work successfully.
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Ebersole.
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Aruna Dubey, Seema Bhasin,
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RGUHS Journal of Medical Sciences, April
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Mayagah Kanj and Wayne Mitic. Discussion
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K
Park, “Textbook of Community Health Nursing”, 4th edition, Published by M/S Banarsidas Bhanot. P 340-344
6.
Neelammakol, Manisha Diabetes an emerging health problems in India.
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Received on 31.03.2014 Modified on 15.05.2014
Accepted on 02.06.2014 ©
A&V Publication all right reserved
Asian J. Nur. Edu. & Research 4(3): July- Sept., 2014; Page 304-306